The charts on this page show achievement gaps, which are significant differences in assessment scores between two groups of students (for example, male and female students, White and Black students, or White and Hispanic students). Over the years, achievement gaps may widen, narrow, or remain the same depending on the amount of change in the average scores for the two student groups. Find out more about achievement gaps.

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Achievement Gap Results

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NOTE: NAEP scales were derived separately by subjects and grades, and therefore scores cannot be compared across subjects and grades. Results for each subject are shown for assessments that are created using the most recent NAEP frameworks. At the national level, accommodations were not permitted in NAEP geography assessments prior to 2001, in NAEP mathematics assessments prior to 1996, in NAEP reading assessments prior to 1998, and in NAEP U.S. history assessments prior to 2001. At the state level, accommodations were not permitted in NAEP mathematics assessments prior to 2000 and in NAEP reading assessments prior to 1998. Results are not shown for data points where the state/jurisdiction or district did not participate or did not meet the minimum participation guidelines for reporting in a given assessment year. Results are also not shown for those states/jurisdictions or districts with insufficient sample sizes to permit reliable estimates for certain student groups. For the full schedule of NAEP assessments administered at the national, state, and district levels, visit https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/about/assessmentsched.aspx. See more information about the history of state participation at https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/about/state.aspx and for district participation at https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/about/district.aspx#table. For TUDA districts, beginning in 2009, results for charter schools are included in district results only if they contribute to the district's Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) report to the U.S. Department of Education. See more detailed information about major reporting groups at https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/guides/groups.aspx. Although the estimates (e.g., average scores) are shown as rounded numbers in the chart, the positions of the data points in the graphics are based on the unrounded numbers. Unrounded numbers were used for calculating the differences between the estimates, and for the statistical comparison test when the estimates were compared to each other. Not all apparent differences between estimates are statistically significant.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), various years and subjects: Arts; Civics; Economics; Geography; Mathematics; Reading; Science; Technology and Engineering Literacy (TEL); U.S. History; and Writing Assessments.